The Uniqueness of Jipeng Art in Sukabumi: An Ancestral Musical Performance with Modern Instruments
Jipeng art, a unique tradition from Kampung Ciptagelar in Sukabumi, West Java, stands out among other traditional arts. What sets it apart is its use of modern instruments to perform ancestral music. In this article, we’ll delve into the fascinating world of Jipeng art, its history, and its role in preserving the Sundanese cultural heritage.
Traditional Performances with Modern Instruments
Kampung Ciptagelar, located in Sirnaresmi Village, Cisolok District, Sukabumi Regency, is known for preserving its Sundanese ancestral traditions. Among these are agricultural ceremonies like Seren Taun, traditional clothing practices, and the distinctive Jipeng art.
Jipeng, which dates back to the 1940s, is a traditional musical art form. What makes it unique is the use of modern instruments such as bass drums, trumpets, and violins, instead of traditional ones. According to Ruhendar Sodong, a cultural representative from Ciptagelar, Jipeng’s musical roots are deeply tied to Sundanese melodies.
“We maintain its preservation using non-traditional instruments made of brass and nickel. We call it traditional music because of its origin and its connection to Sundanese scales,” said Ruhendar Sodong, as quoted from Budaya Jabar’s YouTube channel.
A Blend of Three Local Arts
The name “Jipeng” reflects its fusion of three distinct traditional arts: Tanji (Tanjidor), Ketuk Tilu (Kliningan), and Topeng. These elements combine to create a performance resembling Sundanese theatrical art. For example:
- Tanji (Tanjidor): A traditional brass band-inspired music form.
- Ketuk Tilu: A precursor to Jaipong dance, involving rhythmic beats and traditional movements.
- Topeng (Mask Dance): Theatrical elements featuring masked characters that add humor and storytelling.
When combined, these elements create a vibrant and immersive experience that showcases the richness of Sundanese culture.
Jipeng: A Distinctive Art Form of Ciptagelar
Jipeng was first introduced during the leadership of Abah Pasir Jeungji, the traditional leader of Ciptagelar. Over generations, it has become a hallmark of the village’s cultural identity. Jipeng performances are typically held during the planting season, locally known as Ngahuma. This ceremony, which occurs annually, marks the beginning of planting crops and is believed to ward off pests, ensuring a fruitful harvest.
The Three Stages of Jipeng Performances
Jipeng performances consist of three distinct stages, each offering a unique experience while staying true to its roots:
- Tanji Instrumental Music: The performance begins with Tanjidor music, featuring instrumental pieces that set the tone. Male singers, known as Ciput or Bancet, often accompany this stage.
- Ketuk Tilu or Jaipong Dance: The second stage introduces rhythmic Ketuk Tilu or Jaipong dances. The lively beats and traditional choreography encourage the audience to participate and dance along.
- Sundanese Theatrical Play: The final stage showcases Sundanese theater with masked characters. This segment is filled with humorous dialogues and storytelling, leaving the audience in stitches.
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Why Jipeng Matters
Jipeng art is more than just a cultural performance; it is a testament to the enduring legacy of Sundanese traditions. It brings people together, fostering community spirit and preserving cultural values. Visitors to Ciptagelar are encouraged to witness this captivating performance and experience the essence of Sundanese heritage.
Learn More About Jipeng Tradition
For further insights into the Jipeng tradition, explore the following resources:
By understanding and appreciating the beauty of Jipeng art, we contribute to the preservation of Indonesia’s rich cultural tapestry.
